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1 Catholic (A member of a Catholic church)
Религия: католикУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > Catholic (A member of a Catholic church)
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2 Catholic church
The Catholic Church and the Catholic religion together represent the oldest and most enduring of all Portuguese institutions. Because its origins as an institution go back at least to the middle of the third century, if not earlier, the Christian and later the Catholic Church is much older than any other Portuguese institution or major cultural influence, including the monarchy (lasting 770 years) or Islam (540 years). Indeed, it is older than Portugal (869 years) itself. The Church, despite its changing doctrine and form, dates to the period when Roman Lusitania was Christianized.In its earlier period, the Church played an important role in the creation of an independent Portuguese monarchy, as well as in the colonization and settlement of various regions of the shifting Christian-Muslim frontier as it moved south. Until the rise of absolutist monarchy and central government, the Church dominated all public and private life and provided the only education available, along with the only hospitals and charity institutions. During the Middle Ages and the early stage of the overseas empire, the Church accumulated a great deal of wealth. One historian suggests that, by 1700, one-third of the land in Portugal was owned by the Church. Besides land, Catholic institutions possessed a large number of chapels, churches and cathedrals, capital, and other property.Extensive periods of Portuguese history witnessed either conflict or cooperation between the Church as the monarchy increasingly sought to gain direct control of the realm. The monarchy challenged the great power and wealth of the Church, especially after the acquisition of the first overseas empire (1415-1580). When King João III requested the pope to allow Portugal to establish the Inquisition (Holy Office) in the country and the request was finally granted in 1531, royal power, more than religion was the chief concern. The Inquisition acted as a judicial arm of the Catholic Church in order to root out heresies, primarily Judaism and Islam, and later Protestantism. But the Inquisition became an instrument used by the crown to strengthen its power and jurisdiction.The Church's power and prestige in governance came under direct attack for the first time under the Marquis of Pombal (1750-77) when, as the king's prime minister, he placed regalism above the Church's interests. In 1759, the Jesuits were expelled from Portugal, although they were allowed to return after Pombal left office. Pombal also harnessed the Inquisition and put in place other anticlerical measures. With the rise of liberalism and the efforts to secularize Portugal after 1820, considerable Church-state conflict occurred. The new liberal state weakened the power and position of the Church in various ways: in 1834, all religious orders were suppressed and their property confiscated both in Portugal and in the empire and, in the 1830s and 1840s, agrarian reform programs confiscated and sold large portions of Church lands. By the 1850s, Church-state relations had improved, various religious orders were allowed to return, and the Church's influence was largely restored. By the late 19th century, Church and state were closely allied again. Church roles in all levels of education were pervasive, and there was a popular Catholic revival under way.With the rise of republicanism and the early years of the First Republic, especially from 1910 to 1917, Church-state relations reached a new low. A major tenet of republicanism was anticlericalism and the belief that the Church was as much to blame as the monarchy for the backwardness of Portuguese society. The provisional republican government's 1911 Law of Separation decreed the secularization of public life on a scale unknown in Portugal. Among the new measures that Catholics and the Church opposed were legalization of divorce, appropriation of all Church property by the state, abolition of religious oaths for various posts, suppression of the theology school at Coimbra University, abolition of saints' days as public holidays, abolition of nunneries and expulsion of the Jesuits, closing of seminaries, secularization of all public education, and banning of religious courses in schools.After considerable civil strife over the religious question under the republic, President Sidónio Pais restored normal relations with the Holy See and made concessions to the Portuguese Church. Encouraged by the apparitions at Fátima between May and October 1917, which caused a great sensation among the rural people, a strong Catholic reaction to anticlericalism ensued. Backed by various new Catholic organizations such as the "Catholic Youth" and the Academic Center of Christian Democracy (CADC), the Catholic revival influenced government and politics under the Estado Novo. Prime Minister Antônio de Oliveira Salazar was not only a devout Catholic and member of the CADC, but his formative years included nine years in the Viseu Catholic Seminary preparing to be a priest. Under the Estado Novo, Church-state relations greatly improved, and Catholic interests were protected. On the other hand, Salazar's no-risk statism never went so far as to restore to the Church all that had been lost in the 1911 Law of Separation. Most Church property was never returned from state ownership and, while the Church played an important role in public education to 1974, it never recovered the influence in education it had enjoyed before 1911.Today, the majority of Portuguese proclaim themselves Catholic, and the enduring nature of the Church as an institution seems apparent everywhere in the country. But there is no longer a monolithic Catholic faith; there is growing diversity of religious choice in the population, which includes an increasing number of Protestant Portuguese as well as a small but growing number of Muslims from the former Portuguese empire. The Muslim community of greater Lisbon erected a Mosque which, ironically, is located near the Spanish Embassy. In the 1990s, Portugal's Catholic Church as an institution appeared to be experiencing a revival of influence. While Church attendance remained low, several Church institutions retained an importance in society that went beyond the walls of the thousands of churches: a popular, flourishing Catholic University; Radio Re-nascenca, the country's most listened to radio station; and a new private television channel owned by the Church. At an international conference in Lisbon in September 2000, the Cardinal Patriarch of Portugal, Dom José Policarpo, formally apologized to the Jewish community of Portugal for the actions of the Inquisition. At the deliberately selected location, the place where that religious institution once held its hearings and trials, Dom Policarpo read a declaration of Catholic guilt and repentance and symbolically embraced three rabbis, apologizing for acts of violence, pressures to convert, suspicions, and denunciation. -
3 Malankarese Catholic Church
Религия: (An Antiochenerite member of the Eastern Catholic church, composed of former members of the Syrian Orthodox Church of Kerala, India, who united with Rome in 1930) Маланкаризская католическая церковьУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > Malankarese Catholic Church
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4 Armenian Catholic Church
Религия: (An Eastern rite member of the Roman Catholic church) Армянская католическая церковьУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > Armenian Catholic Church
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5 Malankarese Catholic Church (An Antiochenerite member of the Eastern Catholic church, composed of former members of the Syrian Orthodox Church of Kerala, India, who united with Rome in 1930)
Религия: Маланкаризская католическая церковьУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > Malankarese Catholic Church (An Antiochenerite member of the Eastern Catholic church, composed of former members of the Syrian Orthodox Church of Kerala, India, who united with Rome in 1930)
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6 Armenian Catholic Church (An Eastern rite member of the Roman Catholic church)
Религия: Армянская католическая церковьУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > Armenian Catholic Church (An Eastern rite member of the Roman Catholic church)
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7 heresy (1. Adherence to a religious opinion contrary to church dogma; 2. Denial of a revealed truth by a baptized member of the Roman Catholic Church; 3. An opinion or doctrine contrary to church dogma)
Религия: ересьУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > heresy (1. Adherence to a religious opinion contrary to church dogma; 2. Denial of a revealed truth by a baptized member of the Roman Catholic Church; 3. An opinion or doctrine contrary to church dogma)
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8 Roman Catholic (A member of the Roman Catholic Church)
Религия: католикУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > Roman Catholic (A member of the Roman Catholic Church)
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9 heretic (A dissenter from established church dogma; a baptized member of the Roman Catholic Church who disavows a revealed truth)
Религия: еретикУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > heretic (A dissenter from established church dogma; a baptized member of the Roman Catholic Church who disavows a revealed truth)
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10 Augustinian (In the Roman Catholic Church, member of any of the religious orders and congregations of men and women whose constitutions are based on the Rule of St. Augustine)
Религия: августинецУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > Augustinian (In the Roman Catholic Church, member of any of the religious orders and congregations of men and women whose constitutions are based on the Rule of St. Augustine)
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11 cardinal (A high ecclesiastical official of the Roman Catholic Church who ranks next below the Pope and is appointed by him to assist him as a member of the college of cardinals)
Религия: кардиналУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > cardinal (A high ecclesiastical official of the Roman Catholic Church who ranks next below the Pope and is appointed by him to assist him as a member of the college of cardinals)
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12 worker-priest (In the Roman Catholic church, member of a movement seeking to reach the working classes)
Религия: священник-совместительУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > worker-priest (In the Roman Catholic church, member of a movement seeking to reach the working classes)
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13 Catholic
1) Общая лексика: вселенский, католик, католический, лицо, принадлежащее к одной из ортодоксальных кафолических церквей (т. е. не протестант)2) Церковный термин: католик (в Англии чаще Roman Catholic), католический (в Англии чаще Roman Catholic)3) Религия: кафолический, не протестант, (= Roman Catholic) католический, (A member of a Catholic church) католик, (A person who belongs to the universal Christian church) лицо, принадлежащее к одной из апостольских, ортодоксальных, кафолических церквей, (Of, relating to, or forming the ancient undivided Christian church or a church claiming historical continuity from it) апостольский, (Of, relating to, or forming the church universal) вселенский, католичка4) Дипломатический термин: ортодоксальный, апостолический -
14 catholic
1) Общая лексика: вселенский, католик, католический, лицо, принадлежащее к одной из ортодоксальных кафолических церквей (т. е. не протестант)2) Церковный термин: католик (в Англии чаще Roman Catholic), католический (в Англии чаще Roman Catholic)3) Религия: кафолический, не протестант, (= Roman Catholic) католический, (A member of a Catholic church) католик, (A person who belongs to the universal Christian church) лицо, принадлежащее к одной из апостольских, ортодоксальных, кафолических церквей, (Of, relating to, or forming the ancient undivided Christian church or a church claiming historical continuity from it) апостольский, (Of, relating to, or forming the church universal) вселенский, католичка4) Дипломатический термин: ортодоксальный, апостолический -
15 church
tʃə:tʃ
1. сущ.
1) церковь to consecrate, dedicate a church ≈ освящать церковь one of Britain's most historic churches ≈ одна из наиболее исторически значимых церквей в Великобритании I didn't see you in church on Sunday. ≈ Я не видел вас в церкви в воскресенье. go to church
2) церковь (организация) ;
вероисповедание Catholic church Christian Orthodox church Protestant church Baptist church Episcopal church Lutheran church Methodist church Presbyterian church evangelical church fundamentalist church Church of England Anglican Church
3) духовенство go into the Church enter the Church
2. прил.
1) церковный church member ≈ верующий church membership ≈ вероисповедание
2) принадлежащий к государственной, англиканской церкви
3. гл.
1) приводить или приносить в церковь (для крещения и т. п.)
2) совершать церковный обряд церковь;
храм, преим. христианский - to go to * ходить в церковь;
вступать в (церковный) брак церковь (организация) ;
вероисповедание - С. of England, English C. англиканская церковь - Broad C. "широкая церковь" (сторонники веротерпимости в англиканской церкви) - High C. "высокая церковь" (ортодоксальная англиканская церковь) - Low C. "низкая церковь" (одно из направлений в англиканской церкви) - Holy C., C. of Rome святая церковь, римско-католическая церковь - to what * does he belong? какого он вероисповедания? (разговорное) англиканская церковь (часто противопоставляется сектам) ;
государственная церковь (в Великобритании) (разговорное) богослужение - * is over богослужение окончено - after * после обедни духовенство - to go into the C. принимать духовный сан - he considered the * as a possible career он подумывал о том, чтобы стать священником > in the right * but in the wrong pew в целом верно, но в частностях неправильно > let the * stand in the churchyard (пословица) всему свое место церковный;
- * attire церковное облачение - * book церковная книга, требник;
(церковная) метрическая книга - * burial церковное погребение - * music церковная музыка - * flag (морское) церковный вымпел( поднимается во время богослужения) - * land(s) церковные земли - * living церковный приход (как должность и доход) - * member верующий;
принадлежащий к одному из (христианских) вероисповеданий - * membership вероисповедание;
принадлежность к (какой-л) церкви - * plate церковная утварь - * service церковная служба, богослужение;
(разговорное) молитвенник принадлежащий к государственной, англиканской церкви - * folk (разговорное) сторонники государственной церкви, англиканцы приводить или приносить в церковь (для крещения) совершать церковный обряд (над кем-л) ;
давать( очистительную) молитву (родильнице) ~ церковь;
Church of England, Anglican Church англиканская церковь church храм ~ церковный ~ церковь, храм ~ церковь;
Church of England, Anglican Church англиканская церковь ~ церковь ~ attr. церковный ~ церковь;
Church of England, Anglican Church англиканская церковь ~ service церковная служба, богослужение established ~ государственная церковь established: ~ учрежденный;
Established Church государственная церковь Free Church нонконформистская церковь free ~ свободная церковь free ~ церковь, отделенная от государства to go to ~ жениться;
выходить замуж;
to go into (или to enter) the Church принимать духовный сан to go to ~ жениться;
выходить замуж;
to go into (или to enter) the Church принимать духовный сан to go to ~ ходить в церковь;
быть набожным national ~ национальная церковь social work of the ~ социальная работа церкви state ~ государственная церковь -
16 church
1. n преим. церковь; храм, христианский2. n церковь; вероисповеданиеChurch of England, English Church — англиканская церковь
Broad Church — «широкая церковь»
High Church — «высокая церковь»
Low Church — «низкая церковь»
3. n разг. англиканская церковь; государственная церковь4. n разг. богослужение5. n духовенство6. a церковныйchurch member — верующий; принадлежащий к одному из вероисповеданий
7. a принадлежащий к государственной, англиканской церквиchurch folk — сторонники государственной церкви, англиканцы
8. v приводить или приносить в церковьPrince of the Church — кардинал, князь церкви
9. v совершать церковный обряд; давать молитвуСинонимический ряд:1. religious (adj.) churchly; churchmanly; ecclesiastical; religious; spiritual2. Christendom (noun) Catholicism; Christendom; Christianity; followers of Christ; pope3. house of worship (noun) basilica; cathedral; chapel; house of god; house of prayer; house of worship; mosque; place of worship; shrine; synagogue; tabernacle; temple4. organized religion (noun) affiliation; communion; congregation; connection; creed; cult; denomination; faith; organised religion; organized religion; persuasion; religion; religious order; sect5. religious rite (noun) mass; meeting; oratory; prayer; prayer meeting; religious rite; rite; ritual; sermon; service; Sunday school; worship -
17 church
n1) церковь; храм (обыкн. христианский)2) (обыкн. Church) церковь ( организация); вероисповедание•- Christian Churchto go to church — посещать церковь, ходить в церковь
- Church of England
- Church of Rome
- early Church
- Eastern Church
- English Church
- established church
- Evangelical Church
- Greek Orthodox Church
- Lutheran Church
- member of the church
- Methodist Church
- Orthodox Church
- Presbyterian Church
- Protestant Church
- Protestant Episcopal Church
- Roman Catholic Church
- Russian Orthodox Church
- World Council of Church -
18 church
I [tʃəːtʃ] nцерковь, храм (христианский), вероисповедание- Christian Orthodox ChurchI didn't see you in church on Sunday. — Я не видел вас в церкви в воскресенье.
- Lutheran Church
- Protestant Church
- Baptist Church
- Presbyterian Church
- Holy Church
- Church of England
- Church of Rome
- go to church
- go into enter the Church
- consecrate a churchUSAGE:II [tʃəːtʃ] adj - church book
- church burial
- church music
- church lands
- church living
- church member
- church membership
- church plate
- church service -
19 church
[ʧɜːʧ] 1. сущ.1) церковьto consecrate / dedicate a church — освящать церковь
one of Britain's most historic churches — одна из наиболее исторически значимых церквей в Великобритании
I didn't see you in church on Sunday. — Я не видел вас в церкви в воскресенье.
2) ( Church) церковь ( организация); вероисповедание- Baptist Church
- Lutheran Church
- Methodist Church
- Presbyterian Church
- Evangelical Church
- Fundamentalist Church3) духовенство2. прил.to go into / enter the church — принимать духовный сан
1) церковный2) принадлежащий к государственной, Англиканской церкви, Церкви Англии••3. гл.as poor as a church mouse — бедный, как церковная мышь
1) приводить, приносить в церковь ( для совершения обряда) -
20 Roman Catholic
( also Catholic) ((a member) of the Christian church which recognizes the Pope as its head.) romersk katolsk* * *( also Catholic) ((a member) of the Christian church which recognizes the Pope as its head.) romersk katolsk
См. также в других словарях:
Catholic church — Church Church (ch[^u]rch), n. [OE. chirche, chireche, cherche, Scot. kirk, from AS. circe, cyrice; akin to D. kerk, Icel. kirkja, Sw. kyrka, Dan. kirke, G. kirche, OHG. chirihha; all fr. Gr. kyriako n the Lord s house, fr. kyriako s concerning a… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
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Catholic Church — noun any of several churches claiming to have maintained historical continuity with the original Christian Church (Freq. 2) • Hypernyms: ↑church, ↑Christian church • Hyponyms: ↑Roman Catholic, ↑Western Church, ↑Roman Catholic Churc … Useful english dictionary
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Old Catholic Church of the Netherlands — See the article on Ultrajectinism for a more detailed description of historical and theological events. The Old Catholic Church of the Netherlands; Dutch: Oud Katholieke Kerk van Nederland, is the mother church related to the Old Catholic… … Wikipedia